In the nearly 40 years since the first successful human birth, ART has undergone continuous improvement. Significant advances have been made in oocyte fertilization and embryo culture , resulting in ever-increased treatment success. Often overlooked, however, have been the developments in oocyte recovery and embryo transfer techniques that have led to increased safety and success of ART treatment. This document sets out to review the history oocyte recovery and embryo transfer techniques, and to provide recommendations for current best practices.