The application of regenerative medicine for musculoskeletal disorders has become widespread, despite   the relative lack of critical evidence supporting its efficacy. To date, the literature supporting stem cell-based therapies comprises mostly case reports or case series with small number of phase I-III clinical studies. Despite the want of strong clinical evidence, the use of these therapies continues to expand due to the need for novel, minimally invasive therapies to treat conditions. Therefore, high-quality evidence, including from randomised clinical trials, is necessary to define the role of cell-based therapies in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders